FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT

Flooding in San Joaquin

Flooding is the most common natural disaster in the United States, affecting all 50 states. Flooding typically occurs when there is a failure of water control structure, such as a levee, or when water due to rain and/or snowmelt accumulates faster than it can be absorbed or carried away by a river. San Joaquin County faces flooding risk from both of these causes.

In the early 1900s, many natural wetlands in the San Joaquin Valley were drained for agricultural use. A system of levees was introduced to prevent water from flooding the natural wetlands, which are still monitored and maintained by reclamation districts today. These districts have elected officials who patrol the levees to ensure their safety and upkeep.

In the San Joaquin Valley, there are four major rivers (the Stanislaus River, Tuolumne River, Merced River, and Mokelumne River) as well as smaller tributaries, that flow into the San Joaquin River. Melting snowpack from the Sierra Nevada as well as rainwater is carried through these rivers until they drain into the San Joaquin Delta. In a normal year, reservoirs hold the water until it can be released in a controlled manner downstream, but high precipitation can fill the reservoirs. Even on clear days, solar radiation can melt the snowpack, potentially overwhelming the reservoirs.

The San Joaquin Delta, lined with levees. Image Courtesy of St. Mary's College of California.

Floodplain Management

San Joaquin County’s Floodplain Management Program, administered through the Department of Public Works, is:

  • A collaborative effort of a community program of corrective and preventive measures for reducing flood damage to properties
  • Intended to protect public health and safety; reduce flood damage to buildings and contents; prevent increases in flood damage from new construction; and to reduce the risk of erosion damage
  • To protect the natural and beneficial functions of the floodplain
  • Administered in accordance with the Federal Emergency Management Agency's policies
  • An opportunity for homeowners, renters, and business owners in our community to purchase federally-backed flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program
  • Through the County’s participation in the NFIP Community Rating System, residents of San Joaquin County’s unincorporated areas qualify for a flood insurance premium rate reductions
Levee Breach along the San Joaquin River. The breach resulted in the evacuation of 500 people in Manteca. Image courtesy of the San Joaquin County Office of Emergency Services

San Joaquin County is dedicated to reducing flooding risks and participates in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS). This program rewards communities that take steps that go beyond minimum NFIP floodplain management requirements to reduce the risk from flooding. The County has a CRS classification of 7 which means that County residents with properties in areas with a high level of flood risk receive a 15% discount on their flood insurance premiums each year.

The County's Water Resources staff is available to perform site visits for existing structures, proposed new structures, and expansions of existing structures, to assist County residents in reducing their exposure to flood damage. Please call the Public Works Water Resources Division at (209) 468-9596 for additional information.

You are encouraged to learn about flood risks, flood zones and how to protect you and your property in the event of a flood. Below is more on this subject as well as additional resources:

Know Your Risk

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assesses flood risk using mapping and elevation data, among other data, to categorize floodplains according to their likelihood of flooding. The areas deemed at-risk are mapped as Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs). These areas require flood insurance if they are secured by a federally backed mortgage due to their elevated risk. Always check with County Planning and Public Works departments before you build, fill, alter, or grade on your property; in addition to regular building permits, special regulations apply to construction in flood prone areas.

Be aware: SFHAs can and do change, largely due to development in an area. Impervious surfaces such as parking lots change draining patterns and can increase risk of flooding in some areas.

FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT

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